Energy communities play a crucial role in bringing people together to plan and operate their energy systems, fostering dialogue, trust, and cooperation. The European Union has recognized the significance of energy communities in advancing its energy transition goals and has implemented policies to support their development and integration into the energy market. These communities, including citizen energy communities and renewable energy communities, engage in various activities related to renewable energy and involve participants such as natural persons, local authorities, and MSMEs. Decision-making powers within energy communities are limited to those not engaged in large-scale commercial activity in the energy sector, ensuring autonomy and effective control.
Successful examples of energy communities can be seen in countries like Germany and Denmark, where citizen energy cooperatives and community-owned wind farms have significantly contributed to expanding renewable energy capacity. These initiatives empower individuals and communities to take control of their energy future, leading to a more democratic, resilient, and sustainable energy system. As the EU transitions towards a carbon-neutral economy, energy communities will continue to play a vital role in shaping the energy landscape and driving positive change at local, national, and international levels.